Automotive Fuels
Investigations on the Addition of 10 % (V/V) FAME to Diesel Fuels Part I: Laboratory test programme Part II: Coking test runs with four B10 fuels and a fossil reference fuel with the analysis of deposits formed at the nozzles of diesel fuel injectors Part III: B10 Vehicle Road Testing
With the Biofuels Quota Act, which came into effect in January 2007, a growing share of
biofuels related to the total fuel sales is legally stipulated. An increase of the permissible
share of biofuels in the required specifications for fuels is necessary, in order to reach the
demanded proportion by the addition.
Within the scope of this project, a laboratory test programme (part I) was carried out with the
focal points oxidation and storage stability as well as fuel influence on the quality of engine
oils, in order to broaden the data basis for B10 fuels. In part II, deposit formation at diesel
injection nozzles was investigated in coking test runs with four B10 fuels and one fossil
reference fuel. Tests with two vehicles, driven by B10 fuel, were an element of project part
III.
Diesel/FAME blends can exhibit a very sophisticated ageing behaviour. Basically, the
oxidation stability of B10 fuels depends on the oxidation stabilities of the starting
components. By the addition of FAME, the oxidation stability of a blend tends to decrease in
comparison to the fossil reference diesel fuel.
Tests run within the framework of this project for the evaluation of the risk of coking with Euro
4 engines show, that the tendency for deposit formation of fuels with 10 % (v/v) FAME is
slightly raised in comparison to straight fossil diesel fuel, when investigated under the
selected test conditions of engine test benches. However, the influence on deposit formation
is comparingly small, especially when the variably strong tendency for coking of diesel fuels
of different quality or the influence of different engine concepts is taken into account.
Vehicle tests with two cars, running on B10, showed a significant increase of oil dilution with
B10 compared to B0. As for all other properties and parameters, respectively, no negative
influence of B10 could be observed.
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